Preceptorship Roles and Responsibilities

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Preparing for the Placement: Logistics

There are some logistical arrangements that will occur prior to the preceptorship placement. This is an overview of what preceptors can expect:

Roles and Responsibilities

An important part of the preceptorship experience is understanding the roles of each participant and their associated responsibilities.

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Preceptor

  • Serves as a role model, teacher, facilitator, guide and educator.
  • Engages in co-learning with the student, guiding the student in clinical practice.
  • Participates in a UNB led preceptorship orientation session.
  • Reviews student’s learning goals and facilitates learning through increasingly complex client care situations to achieve learning outcomes.
  • Strives to maintain open and authentic communication with student through clarifying and validating observations.
  • Provides the student with ongoing daily feedback.
  • Collaborates regularly with faculty liaison, communicating in person or by phone, regarding the student’s clinical practice.
  • Reviews daily assignments with the student.
  • Confers when necessary with the faculty liaison regarding the complexity of nursing care assigned.
  • Completes two formal written assessments utilizing the Collaborative Assessment of Student Abilities (CASA) document at pre-defined assessment points. Shares assessments with the student and faculty liaison.
  • Completes evaluation form as required by the UNB Nursing Programs.

Student

  • Participates in student orientation session.
  • Prepares learning goals which outline specific professional goals for the experience. Shares these goals with the preceptor and faculty. Participates in developing ongoing plans to meet these goals using available resources. Reflects on progress toward meeting these goals as part of the CASA process.
  • Prepares a letter of introduction to be shared with the preceptor and the faculty liaison.
  • Practices in the health care setting with the preceptor and collaborates with other health care professionals as appropriate.
  • Maintains open, honest and respectful communication with preceptor, faculty liaison and other members of the health care team.
  • Seeks guidance and support from preceptor.
  • Takes responsibility for own learning and for developing nursing practice by being well prepared to assume increasing responsibilities for patient care.
  • Utilizes faculty liaison as a resource.
  • Participates in the assessment of learning outcomes using the CASA at the three required assessment points and shares with the preceptor and faculty liaison for feedback.
  • Notifies faculty liaison of any changes to the schedule, including: preceptor vacation, preceptor educational leave, preceptor illness, or student illness.
  • Completes evaluation form as provided by the UNB Nursing Programs.

Faculty Liaison

  • Meets with preceptors, in person or by phone, on a regularly scheduled basis to discuss student progress and to assist with problem solving.
  • Incorporates topics and questions during regular visits as outlined in faculty liaison visit guideline to facilitate the preceptorship experience.
  • Completes online faculty liaison log sheet regularly throughout the placement. Visits are recommended once per set of shifts, at minimum once every two weeks.
  • Assists with the assessment process, collaborating with student and preceptor, and the Instructor of Record (IOR) responsible for coordinating this course as required.
  • Ensures students complete the required number of clinical hours associated with preceptorship.
  • Assigns course credit/no credit, in consultation with the student, preceptor and IOR as required.
  • Ensures CASAs are completed, signed, and submitted to UNB.
  • Contributes to the CASA assessment process, including reviewing CASA documents and providing feedback in the Faculty Liaison Log throughout the term and at each assessment point, and completing CASA supplemental forms, if necessary.

Instructor of Record

  • Assumes overall responsibility for the preceptorship experience.
  • Acts as a resource and support for students, preceptors, faculty liaisons and practice partners.
  • Receives student placement request forms and associated documents.
  • Determines appropriate placements for students, taking into consideration the student request, placement availability and learning opportunities.
  • Submits placement requests to appropriate agency personnel.
  • Assists with recruitment of preceptors, as appropriate.
  • Assigns students to a preceptor.
  • Ensures that orientation requirements and conditions to placement are met for all placements.
  • Ensures that preceptor schedules and contact information are obtained and distributed to students and faculty liaisons.
  • Provides orientation to preceptors (in-person, distance) and shares orientation materials.
  • Provides orientation to students.
  • Provides orientation to faculty liaisons.
  • Assists with assessment processes, as required.
  • Inputs clinical hours and area of placement into the CASA system.
  • Ensures that completed CASAs are signed and appropriately filed.
  • Ensures that preceptorship evaluations are distributed to preceptors, students and faculty liaisons at the end of the placement period, and assists with collection and collation as required.
  • Collaborates with other UNB faculty to review preceptorship evaluation feedback and implement changes as required.
  • Assists in reviewing and updating orientation materials as required.

Privacy and Confidentiality Related to Preceptorship

As nurses, we respect and abide by the principles of privacy and confidentiality required by our profession on a daily basis. As with any other clinical course, you must exercise wisdom and caution when discussing your clinical experiences; protecting the confidentiality of the clients and the organization at all times. This includes any documentation or personal notes that you have in your possession related to clinical work. Guard the privacy of clients in your care. Be advised that posting anything online that is related to clinical practice is a poor decision. While this concept is a familiar one to us as it applies to our practice in all clinical situations, there are some practices specific to confidentiality when working with students that we have shared with your preceptor. The following information has been communicated to your preceptor. You can speak to your faculty liaison if you have any concerns about confidentiality in your working relationship.

All nursing students sign a UNB Pledge of Confidentiality for their specific nursing program site when they begin the program. In addition to this pledge, students sign confidentiality agreements required by their placement agencies.

The following section will provide you with guidelines for safeguarding the verbal and written communication and information exchanges that are a key part of the preceptorship experience. This can include:

The privacy rights of UNB students are protected under the New Brunswick Right to Information and Protection of Privacy Act (RTIPPA). As such, we recommend the following:

Student Preparation

You are expected to prepare for your clinical experiences and are responsible for your own learning. Here are some considerations for enhancing your awareness and personal responsibility.

The following information has been developed by Em M. Pijl, BScN, MEd, PhD, RN © 2005 – University of Lethbridge. Adapted and used with permission of author by Debra Amirault, Dr. Lisa Keeping-Burke and Karen Tamlyn, University of New Brunswick, 2017.

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  • Seek learning experiences that you need.
  • Seek feedback, both positive and constructive, to improve your practice.
  • Pursue the information you require from multiple sources.
  • Identify areas of strength and weakness in your performance, and find strategies to improve.
  • Engage regularly and openly in discussion with your preceptor about your clinical performance.
  • Integrate preceptor feedback into your actions.
  • Keep the lines of communication open between you and your preceptor at all times.
  • Remember that your preceptor expects you to be an independent learner who seeks their own information and identifies appropriate solutions.
  • Know that the knowledge you bring is not as important as your accountability in finding the answers.
  • Prepare for patient assignments by researching and asking for clarification if you don’t understand the care required or what is written.
  • Accept responsibility for your own actions. Do not make excuses for your actions. Accept feedback and find ways to improve.
  • Contribute to learning experiences through pursuing skill proficiency and increasing your knowledge base.
  • Demonstrate accountability to the academic program by adhering to practice expectations.
  • Be proactive in your interactions with the preceptor, staff, and other health team members.
  • Articulate your learning needs frequently to your preceptor to ensure an effective learning plan is in place.
  • Demonstrate a strong sense of commitment to your role in the preceptorship experience.
  • Practice according to the Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice.
  • Follow best practice guidelines.
  • Follow dress code requirements as required for the practicum, and manage your behavior, speech and attitudes to reflect the highest of professional standards.
  • Interact respectfully with the preceptor, faculty, patients, families, colleagues, fellow students, and other members of the health care team.
  • Be knowledgeable about what you can and cannot do as a student.
  • Demonstrate critical thinking and clinical judgment in decision making.
  • Ask for and be open to constructive feedback.
  • Follow through on the various roles and patient assignments for which you are responsible.
  • Act in a consistent manner.
  • Maintain organization in your care.
  • Be safe.
  • Be competent in your actions.
  • Always ask for clarification if you do not understand.
  • Time management.
  • Clinical decision making.
  • Prioritization.
  • Understanding or accepting feedback.
  • Adapt approaches after making mistakes.

Student Learning Goals

You will be asked to write a letter of introduction to share with your preceptor. Included in this letter will be:

During the first few days, the preceptor should review the letter with you and set aside time for discussion about what you have shared. It is helpful to revisit this letter and your professional learning goals throughout the experience, as it will help to provide context and guidance for learning.

Psychomotor Skills

Psychomotor Skills Listing

The below is a general overview of psychomotor skills taught throughout the BNASP. Due to variations in student practice experiences, students may not have had opportunity to develop these skills in practice settings. Therefore, supervision by the preceptor is required to ascertain the student's ability to perform psychomotor skills.

Accountability to Ensure Safety

All parties involved in the preceptorship experience are partners in teaching and learning. This section will provide clarification related to the responsibilities and accountabilities assumed as part of the preceptorship experience.

Information from the following two documents has been adapted and included in the section that follows. Preceptors and students are requested to review and be familiar with the content of these publications.

“Guidelines for Supporting Learners in the Workplace” (NANB)

“Managing Legal Risks in Preceptorship” (CNPS)

These documents provide overarching concepts to guide student learning while ensuring client safety within the preceptorship experience.

As outlined in the Guidelines for Supporting Learners in the Workplace (NANB, 2016), “In supporting learners, an RN is responsible and accountable for sharing nursing knowledge and for maintaining safe, competent and ethical patient care in accordance with nursing standards. The RN working with the learner is not accountable for the learner’s actions provided that the RN has fulfilled her/ his responsibilities as outlined by the employer and in the learning agreement, if applicable (e.g. learning plan, appropriate supervision) (p.2). However, in accordance with the Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses (2008), the primary responsibility for the nursing care received by the patient remains that of the primary nurse to whom the patient has been assigned, (e.g. The RN should ensure that the learner is reporting to her on patient status throughout the shift).” (pg.2)

Client safety

Client safety is always the priority and the primary responsibility of the RN is to the patient.

Learning goals and outcomes

The university, the preceptor and the student collaborate to ensure all parties are aware of the learning goals and outcomes for the placement. The student will contribute to the development of their own learning goals of the placement in collaboration with the faculty liaison and, sharing these goals with the preceptor. The preceptor will facilitate the student’s learning with these goals and use course outcomes as the focus.

Competence

All parties must determine the level of supervision required, and to use this information to identify the distribution of responsibilities related to client care.

The student must recognize her/his level of knowledge, skill, and experience and communicate with the preceptor accordingly. It is imperative that students identify the need for supervision and to communicate clearly with the preceptor to request it. If a student is not competent to provide a specific type of care, they must not do so, and must communicate this to the preceptor.

The preceptor must be aware of the student’s knowledge, skill, and experience and supervise accordingly. In addition to verbal discussions to provide information about the student’s knowledge and experience, the preceptor will observe the student to determine if the student can perform a particular aspect of care safely.

The faculty liaison will be available as a resource to answer questions about the level of supervision required.

Resources and Policy

It is your responsibility to be aware of agency policy and/or other regulations (from regulatory bodies and/or provincial legislation) and to provide care in accordance with established regulations, asking for clarification as needed.

Your preceptor will act as a role model by adhering and referring to standards of nursing care and agency policy when providing care.

Communication

All parties must communicate effectively and professionally. This creates an environment for learning, fosters professional and respectful relationships, and supports the provision of safe care.

In the situation of unsafe practice by the student, or if a preceptor is concerned about a student’s competence, the preceptor must increase supervision and communicate with the faculty liaison promptly.

The faculty liaison is expected to maintain consistent communication with you and your preceptor and act as a resource throughout the preceptorship experience.

While there are many variances in the learning experience due to clinical settings, agency policy and student competence, it is important to note that students may not do the following, even while supervised:

Please note:

UNB enters into an affiliation agreement with the partnering agency prior to the student being placed.